Esketamine (S-Ketamine)
€47.25
Esketamine (S-Ketamine) is the potent S-enantiomer of ketamine with rapid NMDA receptor antagonism, approved for treatment-resistant depression and used as an anesthetic and analgesic.
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1. What is Esketamine (S-Ketamine)?
Esketamine, also known as S-Ketamine, is the S-enantiomer of racemic ketamine and is a potent NMDA receptor antagonist used in anesthesia and psychiatric treatments. It has been approved as a nasal spray for treatment-resistant major depressive disorder, providing rapid antidepressant effects distinct from traditional therapies.
2. Chemical Composition & Structure
Esketamine has the molecular formula C13H16ClNO and a molar mass of 237.7 g/mol. The molecule is a substituted cyclohexanone derivative with a chlorophenyl and methylamino group. The S-enantiomer is more pharmacologically active than the R-enantiomer, exhibiting greater affinity for NMDA receptors and higher anesthetic potency.
3. Research Applications
Esketamine is researched extensively for its rapid-acting antidepressant properties, analgesia, and anesthesia. Its NMDA receptor antagonism promotes neuroplasticity and modulates glutamatergic neurotransmission, with applications in treatment-resistant depression, PTSD, and chronic pain.
4. Recommended Laboratory Handling & Safety Guidelines
Handle with gloves and eye protection in a well-ventilated area or fume hood. Store in airtight containers, away from light and heat, to preserve stability. Ensure compliance with regulatory and institutional safety requirements.
5. Hazard Warnings & Risk Statements
Controlled substance with potential for abuse and adverse neuropsychological effects. Can cause dissociation, elevated blood pressure, and tachycardia. Use caution and appropriate labeling.
6. Compatibility with Other Substances
Potential interactions with CNS depressants, serotonergic drugs, and other anesthetics; avoid unsupervised polypharmacy in research or clinical use.
7. Emergency Protocols for Exposure
Supportive treatment and emergency medical care are necessary for overdose or severe reactions.
8. Storage Stability & Shelf Life
Stable for years under proper storage: cool, dark, moisture-free conditions.
9. Licensing & Purchase
Available by prescription or research license depending on jurisdiction. Confirm regulatory compliance prior to acquisition.
10. Legal Status for Online Purchase
Highly regulated; verify laws before purchase.
11. Laboratory Safety Measures
Use standard PPE and containment to prevent accidental exposure.
12. Special Medical Considerations
Avoid in psychiatric or cardiovascular vulnerable populations without supervision.
13. Allergenic Potential
Minimal; gloves recommended to prevent skin contact.
14. Interactions with Other Substances
Monitor carefully for interactions with CNS-active agents.
15. Pregnancy Precautions
Contraindicated unless benefits outweigh risks.
16. Handling for Research Consistency
Accurate dosing and documentation essential for reproducibility.
17. Optimizing Research Outcomes
Use pharmaceutical-grade purity and validated assays.
18. Reported Pharmacological Effects
Rapid antidepressant action, anesthesia, analgesia, dissociative effects.
19. Known Adverse Effects
Dissociation, hypertension, agitation, nausea.
20. Severe Exposure Protocol
Emergency care imperative for overdoses.
21. Solvent Use
Water soluble; commonly used as hydrochloride salt.
22. Research Scheduling Importance
Consistent administration optimizes data integrity.
23. Storage Duration Recommendations
Preserve potency by storing properly; typical stability for years.
24. Post-Research Stability
Stability maintained in controlled environments.
25. Dependency or Sensitization Risk
Risk of abuse; monitoring recommended.
26. Long-Term Storage Recommendations
Store in dark, dry, cool places to prevent degradation.
27. Alternative Therapeutic Agents
R-Ketamine (arketamine), racemic ketamine.
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